Colugos Lemur-looking Creatures but Unrelated

Colugos (Cynocephalidae), also known as flying lemurs, are arboreal, gliding mammals that inhabit the forests of Southeast Asia. There are two living species of colugos. Colugos are skilled gliders that rely on flaps of skin that stretch between their legs to glide from one branch to the next. Despite one of their common names being flying lemur, colugos are not closely related to lemurs. Physiology Colugos grow to lengths of between 14 and 16 inches and weights of between 2 and 4 pounds. Colugos have long and slender limbs, all of which are of about equal length (front limbs are not shorter or longer than rear limbs). Colugos have a small head, large front-facing eyes and small round ears. Their eyesight is very good. The flap of skin that extends from their limbs to their body is well suited for gliding. Of all mammals that glide in a similar manner, colugos are the most skilled. The gliding membrane is also known as a patagium. It extends from the shoulder blades to the front paw and from the tip of the front paw to the rear paw. It also runs between the rear paws and the tail. There is also webbing membrane between the fingers and toes. Despite their skills as gliders, colugos are not very good at climbing trees.​ Colugos inhabit tropical rainforests throughout Southeast Asia. They are nocturnal mammals that are usually quite shy and solitary. Not much is known about their behavior. They feed on leaves, shoots, sap, fruit and flowers and are considered to be herbivores. Their intestine is long, an adaptation that enables them to extract nutrients from leaves and other plant material which is often difficult to digest. Colugos are threatened by habitat destruction. Their lowland forest habitats are being felled and hunting also has also negatively impacted their populations. Colugus have unique incisor teeth, they have a comb-like texture and shape and each tooth has numerous grooves in it. The reason for this unique tooth structure is not yet understood. Colugos are placental mammals but they are also similar to marsupials in some ways. The young are born after a 60-day gestation period and are tiny and not yet well-developed. During the first six months of their life, they cling to their mothers belly for protection as they grow. The mother curls her tail to hold the young colugo as she glides. Classification Culogos are classified within the following taxonomic hierarchy: Animals Chordates Vertebrates Tetrapods Amniotes Mammals Culogos Culogos are divided into the following taxonomic groups: Sunda flying lemur (Galeopterus variegates) - The Sunda flying lemur inhabits the tropical forest in Southeast Asia including Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. Sunda flying lemurs are nocturnal arboreal mammals that feed on plant material including shoots, fruit, flowers and leaves. There are four living subspecies of Sunda flying lemurs and are distinguished by their range (one lives in Java, another in Sumatra, one in Borneo and another in Malaysia and Mainland Southeast Asia).Philippine flying lemur (Cynocephalus volans) - The Philippine flying lemur, also known as the kagwang, is endemic to the Philippines where its populations are centered near Mindanao and Bohol. Philippine flying lemurs inhabit lowland and montane forests.  Philippine flying lemurs are folivores, which means their diet consists mainly of leaves, fruits, flowers and buds. Philippine flying lemurs are arboreal and forage primarily in the treetops. They rarely come down to the forest floor to move ab out or forage.

New Deal and Civilian Conservation Corps - 3206 Words

Roosevelt’s New Deal Cora E. Parks January 16 2013 The New Deal was a series of programs created by the 32nd President of the United States, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, during a time of economic depression to help the poor and destitute people of the nation by creating jobs, providing economic recovery, helping restore damaged areas in the U.S., and much more. In 1932, when the American public voted President Herbert Hoover out of office, they were searching for an end to the economic troubles and high unemployment rates that had smothered the nation U.S. for two years. [ (Civilian Conservation Corps CCC) ] They turned to Franklin D. Roosevelt, a man who promised better life than the one many people were now†¦show more content†¦[ (Civilian Conservation Corps CCC) ] Enlisted personnel and supervisors totaled more than 5,300 and occupied four large camps. [ (Civilian Conservation Corps CCC) ] The program enjoyed great public support. Once the first camps were established and the CCC became better known, they became accepted and even sought after. [ (Civilian Conservation Corps CCC) ] The CCC camps stimulated regional economies and provided communities with improvements in forest activity, flood control, fire protection, and overall community safety. [ (Civilian Conservation Corps CCC) ] FDR in response to the farmer’s distress created the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA). It protected farmers from price drops by providing crop subsidies to reduce production and educational programs to teach methods of preventing soil erosion.(New Deal Programs) Also the intent of the AAA was to restore the purchasing power of American farmers to pre-World War I levels. [ (AAA: Agricultural Adjustment Act) ] The money to pay the farmers for cutting back production by about 30% was raised by a tax on companies that bought farm products and processed them into food and clothing. The AAA evened the balance of supply and demand for farm commodities so that prices would support a decent purchasing power for farmers.Show MoreRelatedThe Civilian Conservation Corps : A New Deal Program1504 Words   |  7 PagesFollowing the Civilian Conservation Corps, another new deal program was established. This one was known as The Tennessee Valley Authority. The Tennessee Valley Authority was established in 1933 in order to control floods, improve navigation, improve the living standards of farmers, and produce electrical power along the Tennessee River and its rivers. The Tennessee Valley Authority joined all the activities of the various government agencies in the area and placed them under the control of a singleRead More Recessions and Depressions Essay1653 Words   |  7 Pagesaffects of it lasted into the 1940s. Franklin Roosevelt was elected president during this period; legislation he passed tried to alleviate the suffering of the public. As a result of the Great Depression, Franklin Roosevelt created the Civilian Conservation Corps to employ jobless young men and improve government land. The decade directly preceding the Great Depression was prosperous and lucrative. Many factors led to this era, often called the roaring twenties. The use of labor-saving machineryRead MoreEssay on The Importance of the New Deal in the 1920s666 Words   |  3 PagesThe first look at the New Deal was to seek for an economic improvement of multiple working efforts towards relief aid, and towards recovery. The second look at the New Deal was focused towards many depression hit farmers, industrial workers of all races and trade unionist. In the 1920s there was many issues that were in need of resolution. Issues that were pressing such as effected individuals from The Great Depression. 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The depression was mainly caused by over speculation of the stock market, overproduction in industry and agriculture , and the stock market crash. Franklin D. Roosevelt was a big element of the actions taken to get out of this depression: The New Deal. The important question is: what did he contribute to the American society? Before the great depression, mass production problems and World War I in the economy accumulated with each other and finally caused the depression. These problems were alreadyRead MoreRelief, Recovery, Regulation - the New Deal1341 Words   |  6 Pagescandidate to do so and thus received a lot of attention. These were the words from the acceptance speech that set the tone for his campaign and his administration: I pledge you, I pledge myself, to a new deal for the American people. Let us all here assembled constitute ourselves prophets of a new order of competence and of courage. This is more than a political campaign; it is a call to arms. Give me your help, not to win votes alone, but to win in this crusade to restore America to its own peopleRead MoreThe Great Depression Trademarks America1544 Words   |  7 Pagesastronomical levels of unemployment, as well as the New Deal program developed to combat the Great Depression. Powell, who was born and educated in London, earned a master’s degree in history and he clearly demonstrates his views to the reader. In his words, FDR’s presidency did not aid the economic state but drove it further back as well as his inability to solve of any of the problems within The Great Depression. The main goals of the New Deal programs were to lower the unemployment and help putRead MoreDid the New Deal Satisfy the Three Rs?860 Words   |  4 PagesFDR’s New Deal It is nearly impossible to discus the economic situation of the 1930’s without discussing one of the major things that occurred during it: Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal. The New Deal was put together by Roosevelt in order to satisfy the three R’s; Relieve, Recover and Reform. In doing so, he hoped to bring an end to the great depression. The new deal did not come in one form though. It took on the forms of many separate programs attempting to satisfy relief, recovery or reform. A

Human Resource Management Corporate Culture

Questions: 1. Based on what you have learned about the term corporate culture and from the information in the GM Culture Crisis article, describe your understanding of the term corporate culture and the role that it plays in an organization.2. It is obvious from the article that the corporate culture at GM needs to be rebuilt. Do you believe that Human Resources play a role in rebuilding the culture? If so, what is their role and where would you begin? (i.e. employee level, management level, executive leadership level, or CEO level). If not, why not and whos role is it?3. Should the new corporate culture reflect GMs business strategy? If so, how does the leader of Human Resources gain a seat at the table to understand GMs business strategy?4. Reflect on the topics that we covered throughout the semester, what are the main Human Resource issues that are evident in the GM article? Please describe the issues and provide an example from the article.5. The articles author, Tim Kuppler, discusses cul ture recommendations from the Volukas Report. The majority of these recommendations discuss changes in safety protocols. Looking at this from a Human Resources perspective, what other recommendations would you have to transform the GM culture? Provide 5 recommendations. Be specific by describing what recommendations you would put forth and how you would execute them. (Hint: Think about all of the topics from the chapters that we have discussed over the semester). Answers: Introduction: The main focus area of this report is the evaluation of the appropriate corporate culture and its significance for holding a successful relation between the employee and employers. This report has incorporated information from the GM ignition switch recall crisis. Fault in the ignition switch led to a number of accidents that in turn cost 13 lives. Several reports have reflected that besides the engineering faults management and culture of the GM have influenced this incidence. This report has tried to give an insight into the corporate culture and different influential approaches along with the impact of corporate culture on the various components related to business strategies and human resources. 1. The term corporate culture is used in a greater sense to describe an organization's beliefs, values, practices and attitudes to the employees, clients and the market scenario. The corporate culture of an organization is the image of its characteristics as well as act as the guide to the practices appropriate for an organization. As mentioned by, Guiso, Sapienza and Zingales (2015), corporate bodies that have apposite corporate culture can obtain 20-30% aggregate over the performance than the companies that have no ethical corporate culture. Influence of the corporate cultures has been described below: Vision: A perfect corporate culture has its vision to accomplish. This vision evaluates the purpose of the organization. Eccles, Ioannou and Serafeim (2012), mentioned that vision of a company is the fundamental element required to achieve a successful corporate culture. Value: This is the core component of a corporate culture. Value offers a guideline that helps in adopting apt behaviors required to set goals and to achieve it. For maximum companies, their values revolve surrounding the clients, employees and the professionalism. Practices: A company can only achieve their vision when they put their values into practice. The way company practices its policies and work culture reflects the relation between the employees and employer. People: Human resource is the inseparable part of the corporate culture. An organization can never form a coherent working culture until the organization shares the values with their employees and employees of the company truly embrace the values. 2. Human resource plays an important role in the corporate culture; as discussed above, human capital is one of the core element of the corporate culture. Employees are required to adopt the working culture and maintain the ethical values of the company (Bolton, Brunnermeier Veldkamp, 2013). If employees are not cooperative with the management both the performance and reputation will be at stake for the company. For GM the corporate culture must be rebuilt from the executive leadership level. As reviewed in the report, employees in this company have tried to inform their seniors; however, they have never paid heed to the concern of the staffs of the operation area. Moreover, few of the senior executives have neglected the incident even after being aware of the faulty ignition switch of the cars. As the leaders were in no mood to go the root of the problem sooner or later the lower lever staffs stopped taking any further step against such incidence. 3. The new corporate culture should reflect the business strategy. As mentioned by, Goodpaster (2013), the corporate culture of a company must reflect an image that could help the company to obtain a positive business strategy. Business strategy should be in favor of the employees as well as the clients. A company should not only focus on the cost and the profit (Hermalin, 2012). There are certain areas, required to look into during the implementation of the business strategy. If the company hold successful business they must be cooperative with the employees. The GM authority should encourage conversation with the employees; they can allow a representative of the workers in the conferences and meetings of the senior authorities so that the leader can voice the opinion on behalf of the workers. 4. Communication gap is one of the main problems behind any vulnerable corporate culture (Davidson, Dey Smith, 2015). If the authorities do not value, the opinions of the employees there is the probability of facing unwanted circumstances (Henson, 2016). Moreover, conflicts within an organization also are caused by the lack of communication between the employees and employer. GM incidence can be taken for the example of this aspect. The ignition switch recall crisis was not a sudden occurrence for the company. The ground level employees were aware of that and they also tried to ring an alarm regarding this issue, however, the senior executives were reluctant to this issue and never made any effort to convey the message to the heads of the company. Moreover, there was also conflict among the management of the GM that resulted due to the lack communication among each other and with the concerned authority. 5. The recommendation for the GM incidence are: It was evident to the GM corporate culture that the management was inactive and disinclined to raise the problem in front of the higher authority; this practice must be eliminated for the company. Each employee must take responsibility for their work because it has been seen that in GM culture everyone points towards other while there is any crisis. The management and the authorities must understand the emergence of an incident because in this case, it was clear that the executives did not take the primary concerns seriously. As a result, the incident ended up in accidents. Implementation of the planning is one important approach required to improve in the GM culture because it has been seen that employees show the agreement when the seniors level of the management has planned something; however, at the time of implementation employees do not act according to the plan. GM authorities should make corrective measures for the communicative approach. As the lack of communication between the lower lever staffs and higher level authorities are the key component to hold a successful corporate culture and improve the performance of the organization (Purce, 2014). Conclusion: Hence, after reviewing this study it can be said that it has attempted to cover all the requirements. This report has included the understanding of the corporate culture as well as the importance of the human resource for obtaining a successful culture in the organization. The recommendation has also been made for the GM so that incidence like Ignition Switch Recall Crisis can be avoided. Therefore, this report can be further revised while conducting any extensive research. Reference List: Bolton, P., Brunnermeier, M. K., Veldkamp, L. (2013). Leadership, coordination, and corporate culture.The Review of Economic Studies,80(2), 512-537. Davidson, R., Dey, A., Smith, A. (2015). Executives'off-the-job behavior, corporate culture, and financial reporting risk.Journal of Financial Economics,117(1), 5-28. Eccles, R. G., Ioannou, I., Serafeim, G. (2012).The impact of a corporate culture of sustainability on corporate behavior and performance(No. W17950). National Bureau of Economic Research. Goodpaster, K. E. (2013). Corporate culture.The International Encyclopedia of Ethics. Guiso, L., Sapienza, P., Zingales, L. (2015). The value of corporate culture.Journal of Financial Economics,117(1), 60-76. Henson, R. (2016). Building an Organizational Global Mindset Culture: Implications for Practice. InSuccessful Global Leadership(pp. 261-283). Palgrave Macmillan US. Hermalin, B. E. (2012). Leadership and corporate culture.Handbook of organizational economics, 432-78. Purce, J. (2014). The impact of corporate strategy on human resource management.New Perspectives on Human Resource Management (Routledge Revivals),67.